Loading ...Is when a seller sells but does not have the shares to short and never borrows them either and is not called for them….there is a load of anecdotal evidence to support that happening with PM shares….Hedge funds seem to get a pass, where as an average Joe does not.
Then you have the big Bank dealing books, where you trade off mkt on their Dark Pools…..Imagine who regulates them…..
Then you have all the small exchanges….in places like Germany….Use Yahoo Finance to check a miner stock price and you see quotes from Munich, Frankfurt, Hamburg, Dusseldorf etc…..
It is a very murky subject….
One way to mess it up is to put a GTC order miles above the mkt to sell, then yr broker cannot lend yr shares….he has to keep them in house, in case the sell is done, so he can deliver them